Very difficult to give a definite answer to this as it very much depends on the position you play and even then, how you play it. For example: consider a center who sticks his bucket arse into you and simply pushes you back to the basket turns and jump hooks for two verse one who fakes one way, steps around and explodes over the top for a monster jam. Both centers, both score two but both rely on totally different strengths and energy systems (ie. fitness components)
It is probably more accurate to give you the fitness components and then you and your mates at work can pick the ones that best apply to whoever it is you were arguing about.
Here is the readers digest version of the major fitness components
Aerobic power- provides energy at sub maximal efforts (walk, jog , etc)and requires the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic power (occurs without the presence of Oxygen). Two major types.
a) Phosphagen system - used in high intensity activity lasting less than ten seconds (sprint, dunk, block etc.)
b) Lactic acid system - used in high intensity activity from 10secs up to 2mins ( continual defence, transition, offence back to d etc.)
Power - any explosive type actions (block, dunk, rebound etc). Is a combination of strength x speed
Strength - actually defined as max exertion that can be applied once. (important for boxing out , posting etc)
Speed (again, 2 types)
a) Whole body - ability to move entire body from point A to point B
b) Part body - ability to move one pert of the body quickly (ie. arm speed when throwing baseball pass)
Local Muscle endurance - ability to repeat a muscle movement to a desired level for as long as possible. (staying down in d, same shooting action in last few minutes as the warm up, etc)Can be controlled by the bodys ability to tolerate toxic by products found as a result of the anaerobic energy system.(see earlier)
Flexibility - probably most important in the area of injury prevention and skill performance. Is combined with balance(another fitness component!) to create agility (yet another fitness component)
Keep in mind there are two categories of flexibility (Dynamic and static) Dynamic is the more important of the two in the sport of basketball.
And finally, just to really give everyone the shits, the are a number of neuromuscular fitness components which include Balance, Reaction time and Coordination all of which, it could be argued, are also very important components of this game.
I hope that's cleared it all up for you!!